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Вопросы вирусологии. 2021; 66: 252-258

Перспективы применения малых доз радиации в комплексной терапии COVID-19

Салеева Д. В., Засухина Г. Д.

https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-62

Аннотация

В настоящем обзоре изложены литературные данные относительно подходов к лечению новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 малыми дозами радиации (МДР). Кроме того, приведены сведения о применении МДР для терапии различных заболеваний, в частности пневмонии, ряда воспалительных процессов разного происхождения, а также болезни Альцгеймера. Кратко описаны механизмы действия этого лечебного метода, связанные с активацией иммунной системы и противовоспалительным ответом за счёт влияния на процессы оксидативного стресса, что отражается в увеличении активности цитокинов (интерлейкин-(IL-) 6), изменении экспрессии ряда генов (таких как P53 и NF-κB (p65)), содержания длинных некодирующих РНК (днРНК; long non-coding RNA, ncRNA) и микроРНК (мкРНК; microRNA, miRNA) (представлены собственные данные авторов). На основании анализа представленного материала можно предполагать, что дальнейшие клинические испытания действия МДР (50–100 мГр) в группах пациентов с COVID-19 на разных стадиях заболевания позволят выявить оптимальные условия для выработки и использования эффективной схемы лечения.

Список литературы

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Problems of Virology. 2021; 66: 252-258

Prospects for using low-dose radiation in the complex therapy for COVID-19

Saleeva D. V., Zasukhina G. D.

https://doi.org/10.36233/0507-4088-62

Abstract

This review presents the literature data of new approaches for the treatment of COVID-19 with low doses of radiation (LDR). In addition, data on the use of LDR for the treatment of various disorders, in particular pneumonia, a number of inflammatory processes of various etiology, as well as Alzheimer’s disease are discussed. The mechanisms of LDR action are briefly described, associated with the activation of the immune system and antiinflammatory response due to the effect on the processes of oxidative stress, which is reflected in an increase in the activity of cytokines (interleukin- (IL-) 6), changes in the expression of a number of genes (such as P53 and NF-κB (p65)) and long non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) (the authors’ own data are presented). Based on the analysis of the material presented, it can be assumed that further clinical trials of the effect of MDR (5–10 cGy) on patients with COVID-19, who are at different stages of the disease, will reveal the optimal conditions for the development and use of an effective treatment regimen.

References

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4. Koukourakis M.I. Low-dose radiotherapy for late-stage COVID-19 pneumonia? Dose Response. 2020; 18(3): 1559325820951357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559325820951357

5. Schofield P.N., Kondratowicz M. Evolving paradigms for the biological response to low dose ionizing radiation; the role of epigenetics. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2018; 94(8): 769–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2017.1388548

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7. Vaiserman A., Cuttler J.M., Socol Y. Low-dose ionizing radiation as a hormetin: experimental observations and therapeutic perspective for age-related disorders. Biogerontology. 2021; 22(2): 145–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-020-09908-5

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11. Kirkby C., Mackenzie M. Low dose lung radiation therapy for pneumonia: an examination of historical dose distributions. Phys. Med. Biol. 2020; 65(15): 155019. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ab9e55

12. Bevelacqua J.J., Mortazavi S.M.J. Alzheimer’s disease: possible mechanisms behind neurohormesis induced by exposure to low doses of ionizing radiation. J. Biomed. Phys. Eng. 2018; 8(2): 153–6.

13. Wen C., Su S., Tang Y., Li R., Xu H., Chen H., et al. IL-2 and IL- 2R gene polymorphisms and immune function in people residing in areas with high background radiation, Yangjiang, China. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 2020; 96(11): 1466–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/09553002.2020.1820607

14. Algara M., Arenas M., Marin J., Vallverdu I., Fernandez-Letón P., Villar J., et al. Low dose anti-inflammatory radiotherapy for the treatment of pneumonia by covid-19: A proposal for a multi-centric prospective trial. Clin. Transl. Radiat. Oncol. 2020; 24: 29–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctro.2020.06.005

15. Pandey B.N. Low-dose radiation therapy for coronavirus disease- 2019 pneumonia: Is it time to look beyond apprehensions? Ann. Thorac. Med. 2020; 15(4): 199–207. https://doi.org/10.4103/atm.ATM_433_20

16. Trinitat G.H., Romero-Expósito M., Sánchez-Nieto B. Low dose radiation therapy for COVID-19: Effective dose and estimation of cancer risk. Radiother. Oncol. 2020; 153: 289–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.09.051

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19. Dhawan G., Kapoor R., Dhawan R., Singh R., Monga B., Giordano J., et al. Low dose radiation therapy as a potential life saving treatment for COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Radiother. Oncol. 2020; 147: 212–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2020.05.002

20. Gao H., Zhuo D., Xinkou G., Juancong D., Yuyu Z., Wei W., et al. Effects of various radiation doses on induced T-helper cell differentiation and related cytokine secretion. J. Radiat. Res. 2018; 59(4): 395–403. https://doi.org/10.1093/jrr/rry011

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27. Aryankalayil M.J., Chopra S., Levin J., Eke I., Makinde A., Das S., et al. Radiation-induced long noncoding RNAs in a mouse model after whole-body irradiation. Radiat. Res. 2018; 189(3): 251–63. https://doi.org/10.1667/RR14891.1

28. Jangiam W., Udomtanakunchai C., Reungpatthanaphong P., Tungjai M., Honikel L., Gordon C., et al. Late effects of low-dose radiation on the bone marrow, lung, and testis collected from the same exposed BALB/cJ mice. Dose Response. 2018; 16(4): 1559325818815031. https://doi.org/10.1177/1559325818815031